Emergency-Management Baseline resiliency is “an initial baseline for monitoring existing attributes of resilience to natural hazards." (BRIC 2013) that consists of “a set of initial characteristics that can be used "to monitor changes in resilience over time in particular places and to compare one place to another." (Cutter et al. 2010; 2) [Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) | Hazards & Vulnerability Research Institute | University of South Carolina. (2013). Retrieved from: https://artsandsciences.sc.edu/geog/hvri/bric] [Cutter, S. L., Burton, C. G., & Emrich, C. T. (2010). Disaster Resilience Indicators for Benchmarking Baseline Conditions. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 7(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.2202/1547-7355.1732]

Hazards-and-Vulnerability-Research "Six broad categories of community disaster resilience: social, economic, community capital, institutional, infrastructural, and environmental at the county level. (BRIC 2013) [Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC) | Hazards & Vulnerability Research Institute | University of South Carolina. (2013). Retrieved from: https://artsandsciences.sc.edu/geog/hvri/bric] Environmental "Selected tools that have adopted one or a combination of the following methods to determine the extent of compliance with the resilience criteria: assessment against baseline conditions, assessment against thresholds that reflect program objectives, assessment against principles of good resilience, assessment against peers (benchmarking), and assessment based on the speed of recovery." (Sharifi 2016; 634) [Sharifi, A. (2016). A critical review of selected tools for assessing community resilience. Ecological Indicators, 69, 629–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.023] DOI Link 2

Process of deducing properties about a population or probability distribution from data using Bayes’ theorem

A systematic procedure, technique, or mode in the field of statistics based on the Bayesian interpretation of probability where probability expresses a degree of belief in an event. The degree of belief may be based on prior knowledge about the event, such as the results of previous experiments, or on personal beliefs about the event.

Business The act of performing a "second level, external pilot-test of a product (usually software) before commercial quantity production." (Business Dictionary; web) [Business Dictionary. (2019). Beta Test. Retrieved from: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/beta-test.html ]

Often used to describe resilience, it is the concept of returning to a previous state after a stressful or traumatic event. (Smith et al. 2008)

Psychology Often used to describe resilience, the "return to pre-event functioning, but as a state of communal functioning that is now adapted to the postevent reality." (Houston 2014; 176) [Houston, B.J. (2014) Bouncing Forward: Assessing Advances in Community Resilience Assessment, Intervention, and Theory to Guide Future Work. American Behvioral Scientist 59(2) 175-180 doi:10.1177/0002764214550294] Environmental-Policy In resilience, the ability of a system to change towards increasing capabilities after a trauma or event. (Maneyna et al. 2011) [Maneyna, B., O'Brien, G., O'Keffe, P. & Rose, J. (2011) Disaster Resilience: a bounce back or ounce forward ability? Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Stability, 16(5) 417-424 doi:10.1080/13549839.2011.583049] DOI Links DOI Link 1 DOI Link 2

Wide-ranging event that occurs as a direct or indirect result of an intial event. For example, if an earthquake damages a highway, the resulting traffic accidents and traffic reroutings are broad-based cascading events.