Systems that account for the effects of social factors in modeling the decisions and the behavior of individuals and institutions

Capacity of the formulation to be adapted to different scales/levels of aggregation (see scale/aggregation)

A set of facts and statistics that can be used across multiple scales and levels of aggregation

Scale: The extent and level of detail at which a system is analyzed. e.g. Macro-scale and micro-scale. Aggregation: The process of reducing many measures to simpler ones, thereby changing the scale of the system

The analysis of different possible outcomes of the future and associated consequences.

The process of building multiple different futures to simulate solutions to a specific problem